In a joint letter, European Council President Donald Tusk and European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker reaffirmed their commitment to implementing the Paris Agreement and stressed the EU`s commitment to the 2030 targets ahead of the SEPTEMBEr 2019 UN climate change summit and the UN Climate Change Conference (COP25) in December 2019. At the 2011 UN Climate Change Conference, the Durban Platform (and the ad hoc working group on the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action) were created to negotiate a legal instrument to mitigate climate change from 2020. The resulting agreement is expected to be adopted in 2015. [62] Building on the dynamics of climate change on 27 July, the Secretary-General will launch his Youth Advisory Group on Climate Change to strengthen the voices of young people and engage young people in an open and transparent dialogue, as the United Nations prepares to raise ambitious goals and accelerate action in the face of the climate crisis. Before the Paris climate talks, President Obama`s negotiators wanted to make sure it would take time for the United States to come to terms with a change of direction. InDCs become CNDs – nationally determined contributions – as soon as a country formally adheres to the agreement. There are no specific requirements as to how or how many countries should reduce emissions, but there were political expectations about the nature and rigour of the targets set by different countries. As a result, the scale and ambition of national plans vary widely, largely reflecting each country`s capacity, level of development and contribution to emissions over time. China, for example, has committed to cleaning up its CO2 emissions by 2030 at the latest and reducing CO2 emissions per unit of gross domestic product (GDP) by 60-65% by 2030 from 2005 levels.
India has set a target of reducing emissions intensity by 33-35% from 2005 levels by 2030 and producing 40% of its electricity from non-fossil fuels. No country was able to denounce the withdrawal of the agreement before the expiry of a three-year period from the date of ratification. In addition, countries are working to reach “the global peak in greenhouse gas emissions” as soon as possible. The agreement has been described as an incentive and engine for the sale of fossil fuels. [13] [14] The ECOFIN Council adopted conclusions on climate finance that gave EU negotiators a mandate for the 23rd Conference of the Parties (COP23) of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. The Foreign Affairs Council adopted conclusions on European climate diplomacy after COP21.